{"id":422,"date":"2009-03-21T14:20:18","date_gmt":"2009-03-21T04:20:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/?p=422"},"modified":"2009-04-18T11:13:11","modified_gmt":"2009-04-18T01:13:11","slug":"am20090321002-fly-tunnelling-in-stem-of-lettuce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/?p=422","title":{"rendered":"AM20090321.002 Fly Tunneling in Stem of Lettuce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 25%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-422 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"117\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035-150x117.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035-150x117.jpg 150w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035-1024x801.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035-300x234.jpg 300w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image035.jpg 1332w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"103\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032-150x103.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032-150x103.jpg 150w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032-1024x705.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032-300x206.jpg 300w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image032.jpg 1374w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image033.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"98\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image033-98x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image033-98x150.jpg 98w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image033-197x300.jpg 197w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image033.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 98px) 100vw, 98px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image034.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"144\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image034-150x144.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image034-150x144.jpg 150w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image034-300x289.jpg 300w, http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/2009\/03\/image034.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<br \/>\nMaggots were found tunneling in stems of lettuce growing in an aquaponics operation. Four small black flies (BL=2.1mm) were reared out and identified as <em>Melanagromyza splendida<\/em>, AGROMYZIDAE.  This fly was first collected on Guam in 1986.  According to Schreiner 1991:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;This agromyzid fly is an internal borer in the stems and midribs of large leaves (Spencer 1973).  Previously, it was known to attack Compositae and Umbelliferae, but on Guam it has been reared from tomato leaves and from midribs of mizuna, an Asian <em>Brassica<\/em> variety.  The native distribution of this species is tropical and subtropical Americas, but it has been present in Hawaii for many years.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Ron Mau lists <em>M. splendida<\/em> as a pest of lettuce in his <a href=\"http:\/\/www.extento.hawaii.edu\/kbase\/crop\/crops\/lettuce.htm\">Knowledge Master<\/a> website for crop pests in Hawaii, and uses &#8220;safflower stemminer&#8221; as a common name.  According to Spencer 1973:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;This species has been reared from lettuce in Hawaii but significant damage has not been reported.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Schreiner, Ilse H. 1991.<\/strong> Sources of new insects established on Guam in the post World War II period. Micronesica Suppl. 3: 5-13.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Spencer, K. A. 1973.<\/strong> Agromyzidae (Diptera) of economic importance. W. Junk. The Hague. 418 pp. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;ct=res&amp;cd=4&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_uQd76hWWRkC%26dq%3DK.%2BA.%2BSpencer%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3D20wPfBsDbn%26sig%3DZlLWDg1rENMmrBbYosDWMPGQzMY%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DkSDpScPOHoyUswO22uXfAQ%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D4&amp;ei=kSDpScPOHoyUswO22uXfAQ&amp;usg=AFQjCNHeQNJA88rl2hMrFwT4o722T8RFpg&amp;sig2=linzg-CYKP6HgT131LVnkw\">Available online in Google Books.<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Label Info<\/h2>\n<p>Collection label:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<pre>AM20090321.002a,b,c,d\r\nreared from maggots tunneling in lettuce stem\r\nTriton Farm, Yigo, Guam\r\n13.53275N 144.87232E\r\nM. Marutani 21 MAR 2009<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Determination label:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<pre>AGROMYZIDAE\r\nMelanagromyidae splendida Frick 1953\r\nDet. A. Moore 17 APR 2009<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maggots were found tunneling in stems of lettuce growing in an aquaponics operation. Four small black flies (BL=2.1mm) were reared out and identified as Melanagromyza splendida, AGROMYZIDAE. This fly was first collected on Guam in 1986. According to Schreiner 1991: &#8220;This agromyzid fly is an internal borer in the stems and midribs of large leaves [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=422"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":425,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions\/425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.guaminsects.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}